Bases

Introduced to this in AP Chemistry

Refer to Acid-Base Theories if needed

Arrhenius Model §

Strong base

• Acids produce H in aqueous solution
• Bases produce OH in aqueous solution

Bronstead-Lowry Model §

Weak base

• Acids are H donors
• Bases are H acceptors

Dissociation of Strong Bases §

MOH M + OH

• Strong bases are metallic hydroxides
  • Group I hydroxides (NaOH, KOH) are very soluble
  • Group II hydroxides (Ca, Ba, Mg, Sr) are less soluble
• pH of strong bases is calculated directly from the concentration of the base in solution
  • 0.10 M NAOH = 0.10 M OH
• Formula for Calcium Hydroxide: Ca(OH)

Reaction of Weak Bases with Water §

The base reacts with water producing its conjugate acid and hydroxide ion:

CHNH (aq) + HO (l) CHNH (aq) OH (aq)

CHNH - Conjugate Acid

OH - Hydroxide ion

K = 4.38 * 10 =

All weak bases do this - DO NOT try to make this complicated

Weak Base Equilibrium Problem §