Image noise usually manifests itself as random speckles on a smooth surface which affects quality of the image.

Learned about Image Noise when building Rubiks

3 types of image noises

Random Noise

Fluctuation of the colors above the actual intensity of the image

Fixed Pattern Noise

Appears after long exposures and high temperatures

Banding Noise

Camera is reading data from the sensor and it directly relates to the in-camera technology factors

To remove image noise you can try

Gaussian Blur

Gaussian Blur tends to remove high frequency noise while at the same time it’ll soften edges heavily.

Median filter

Median Filter in Photoshop preserves edges and works best when dealing with noise with high spatial frequency.

Actions and Presets

Many presets available for Photoshop and Lightroom