Physics - Chapter 10

10.1 §

• Temperature is proportional to the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance
• The sum of all kinetic and potential energy is referred to as internal or thermal energy
• Thermal energy goes from hot objects to cool objects
• A system is in Thermal Equilibrium when its temperature is constant and there is no net transfer of energy
• Heat is the energy transferred between objects because of a temperature difference
• Fahrenheit temperature = $\frac{9}{5}$ (celsius temperature) + 32
• Celsius temperature = $\frac{5}{9}$(Fahrenheit temperature - 32)
• Lowest possible temperature is known as absolute zero
  • Absolute zero can be approached but never attained

10.2 §

• $△$ L = (constant) $△$ T
• change in length = coefficient of thermal expansion x initial length x temperature change
• Energy must be added or removed from an object in order to change its temperature and cause it to expand or contract
• Conduction is a form of thermal energy transfer that occurs through collisions between particles of matter